Type Conversion/Casting

Quick reference

• 00:04 Okay, in the last video we looked at converting integers into strings.
• 00:08 In this video, I want to talk about type conversion and casting.
• 00:11 So basically we have different number data types that we want to convert into other
• 00:14 number of data types.
• 00:15 So we have floats, we have decimals, we have integers.
• 00:18 How do we convert things around from one of those to another?
• 00:21 That's what we're going to look at in this video.
• 00:23 And there's a couple of different ways that you can do it.
• 00:25 I'll talk about both of those ways and why one may or
• 00:28 may not be better than the other, and we'll look at all of that in this video.
• 00:32 So let's start out with a float.
• 00:35 And let's call this float number and set that as equal to, I don't know,
• 00:40 5.2 or something, remember our f on there.
• 00:44 And let's also create an int, and we'll call this int number and
• 00:48 set that equal to, I don't know, 10, something like that.
• 00:53 So or actually just to make it a little more easy to follow,
• 00:56 we don't have to assign anything to that.
• 00:59 So we've got a float, let's say we want to convert it into an integer and
• 01:03 assign it into this variable.
• 01:05 Well what we learned in the last video,
• 01:08 if we just go int number equals float number, and then come down here and
• 01:14 try and print it number, we're likely to get an error.
• 01:19 And we do sure enough, we look at our error here,
• 01:22 it says cannot implicitly convert type float to int.
• 01:26 An explicit conversion exists, you're missing a cast.
• 01:29 So we need to cast and convert this thing, right.
• 01:32 So we could do that, so we can use the convert method here.
• 01:36 And what do we want to convert it to?
• 01:38 Well we want to convert our float number to an integer.
• 01:41 So what is an integer?
• 01:42 It's this 2 int 32 guy, and then we just pass in the thing we want to convert.
• 01:49 How do I know that an integer is an int 32?
• 01:52 Well we can come over here and hover over this int right here, and
• 01:57 you can see in green it says int 32, so system.int 32.
• 02:01 We can do the same thing for float, and it says system.single, right.
• 02:05 So okay, that should work.
• 02:07 Let's go ahead and save this and run it, And we see we get 5.
• 02:14 Now our original number was 5.2, and
• 02:16 it has converted it into an integer and rounded down.
• 02:20 So what happens if we change our number here to something above 5.5,
• 02:24 like 5.7 for instance?
• 02:26 If we save this and run it, We get six, it rounds up.
• 02:32 So that's the nice thing about this method, this convert method,
• 02:37 it will actually round.
• 02:38 Like I said, there's another way you could do it.
• 02:40 You can just go int number equals and then use parentheses and
• 02:46 just pass in int, and then the number you want to convert, float number, right.
• 02:53 So if we save this and run it, remember our float number is
• 02:58 5.7, It changes it to 5, right.
• 03:03 You would think it would change it to six it would round up, but it doesn't.
• 03:06 It just takes the base number,, whatever is on this side of the decimal point, and
• 03:11 returns that.
• 03:12 So we can test this, we could change it to 5.2.
• 03:15 If we save this and ran it again, it's still just going to change it to 5.
• 03:22 So this convert is something you can use to convert any of the different things,
• 03:26 floats, decimals, doubles, anything you want.
• 03:29 And you can see when we type in convert dot, you can get a list
• 03:34 of things that you can convert, base 64 string, 2 int 32.
• 03:40 And you could scroll through here and see all the different things, bytes,
• 03:44 characters, date, time, booleans, all the different data types that you can convert,
• 03:49 int 16, int 64, and on and on.
• 03:51 But play around with this on your own and mess around with all of those things and
• 03:54 see what you can do it, and that's all there is to it.
• 03:56 So that's all for this video and all for the math section.
• 03:59 In the next section, in the next video,
• 04:02 we're going to jump into user input and output.

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